Page 213 - Pelc, Stanko. 2015. Mestno prebivalstvo Slovenije. Založba Univerze na Primorskem, Koper.
P. 213
Summary 213
Slovenian cities are very small considering the number of inhabitants and
therefore very much affected by random factors. One relatively more and
more important factor of inner migrations are migrations of elderly to reti-
rement homes. The communal reform in nineties in Slovenia lead to a dis-
section of the country into numerous small municipalities . Every single
one of them wants to take care not only for their children (school, kinder-
garten) but for their elderly too. Therefore in the last decade many new re-
tirement homes were opend and most of them in small municipal centers.
Some of these centers are statisticaly defined as cities because of their cen-
tral role eventhough they don’t have 2.000 inhabitants. We can imagine
the influence on the population structure of a retirement home with 150
places in a small »city« with only 2.000 or even less inhabitants. On the
other side we also have examples of small cities that have the retirement
home in a nearby smaller settlement. In this case such a city has remarkably
lower share of elderly population because a part of those of the highest age
moves to the retirement home out of the city. In 2013 almost 18.000 elderly
people lived in retirement homes. That means almost 9 per 1.000. For the
group of smaller cities with retirement homes this number was well above
30 per 1.000. In one case of a settlement of urban area (Ročevnica – a part
of urban area of a small city Bistrica pri Tržiču) the ratio between the reti-
rement home capacities and the number of population was 180:582 which
means over 300 per 1.000.
Another important reason for inner migrations is education. Ljublja-
na as the major university city in Slovenia attracts a lot of students who re-
side either in student homes either they rent a room and for many of them
non-permanent residence becomes permanent after graduation. It is easier
to get the job for people with university degree in national capital than in
the most of the other cities. Unlike in Ljubljana the opportunities in other
cities may be very limited depending on their economic orientation and si-
tuation. Students are therefore important migration inflow mainly for Lju-
bljana, partly for Maribor and a lot less for Koper. Besides, as non-perma-
nent residents they are also changing the age as well as sex structure of the
cities with student residences. Within student population female students
dominated considering their number. In the period 2009–2013 the femi-
nity index for student population was over 150 in 2009 and it jumped to
more than 170 in 2010 when the number of male students dropped signi-
ficantly. Next year the number of male students rose again while the num-
ber of female students started to fall and the falling numbers continued for
both sexes afterwards. Therefore the index of femininity also fell to about
120 in 2012 and 2013. As already mentioned students have the major influ-
Slovenian cities are very small considering the number of inhabitants and
therefore very much affected by random factors. One relatively more and
more important factor of inner migrations are migrations of elderly to reti-
rement homes. The communal reform in nineties in Slovenia lead to a dis-
section of the country into numerous small municipalities . Every single
one of them wants to take care not only for their children (school, kinder-
garten) but for their elderly too. Therefore in the last decade many new re-
tirement homes were opend and most of them in small municipal centers.
Some of these centers are statisticaly defined as cities because of their cen-
tral role eventhough they don’t have 2.000 inhabitants. We can imagine
the influence on the population structure of a retirement home with 150
places in a small »city« with only 2.000 or even less inhabitants. On the
other side we also have examples of small cities that have the retirement
home in a nearby smaller settlement. In this case such a city has remarkably
lower share of elderly population because a part of those of the highest age
moves to the retirement home out of the city. In 2013 almost 18.000 elderly
people lived in retirement homes. That means almost 9 per 1.000. For the
group of smaller cities with retirement homes this number was well above
30 per 1.000. In one case of a settlement of urban area (Ročevnica – a part
of urban area of a small city Bistrica pri Tržiču) the ratio between the reti-
rement home capacities and the number of population was 180:582 which
means over 300 per 1.000.
Another important reason for inner migrations is education. Ljublja-
na as the major university city in Slovenia attracts a lot of students who re-
side either in student homes either they rent a room and for many of them
non-permanent residence becomes permanent after graduation. It is easier
to get the job for people with university degree in national capital than in
the most of the other cities. Unlike in Ljubljana the opportunities in other
cities may be very limited depending on their economic orientation and si-
tuation. Students are therefore important migration inflow mainly for Lju-
bljana, partly for Maribor and a lot less for Koper. Besides, as non-perma-
nent residents they are also changing the age as well as sex structure of the
cities with student residences. Within student population female students
dominated considering their number. In the period 2009–2013 the femi-
nity index for student population was over 150 in 2009 and it jumped to
more than 170 in 2010 when the number of male students dropped signi-
ficantly. Next year the number of male students rose again while the num-
ber of female students started to fall and the falling numbers continued for
both sexes afterwards. Therefore the index of femininity also fell to about
120 in 2012 and 2013. As already mentioned students have the major influ-
