Page 144 - Lazar, Irena. 2022. Pogled skozi steklo / A Look Through the Glass. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem. Libri universitatis hereditati, 1
P. 144
ena lazar ■ pogled skozi steklo • a look through the glass 144 The next broad group are goblets (figure/ 31). Engraved decoration on the bowl is com-
slika 62). We divided them into subgroups ac- posed of leaf, scroll and foliage design, and the
cording to their stem shape and type, and fur- foot is decorated with simple leaf engraving.
ther variants according to the bowl forms and
decoration. The majority of goblets are plain, but The group of drinking vessels with mould-
some groups are decorated with mould-blowing blown stems from Gnalić consists of two basic
or engraving. forms–the ladder and lion-mask stem goblet.
Ladder stem goblets are not very numerous and
Goblets with the hollow foot are made of appear in two subgroups with a plain or decorat-
two separate paraisons that form the bowl and ed (optic-blown ribbed) bowl.
the foot. The foot is joined to the bowl directly.
Goblets with a low hollow foot and a plain bowl Examples of the lion-mask stem are quite
are the most numerous forms in this glass assem- numerous and were divided into 5 variants ac-
blage. The bowl shapes vary slightly and are ei- cording to the height of the lion mask and bowl
ther straight and tapering or tulip-shaped. In the decoration. The study of more than a hundred
last campaign in 1996 this form was found in the preserved stems provided further answers to
area away from the ship, and in total 2300 vessels questions concerning mould types. Lion mask
were found. Goblets of this form can also have a stems are the epitome of façon de Venise glass-
decorated bowl, with an optic-blown pattern of ware of the second half of the 16th and beginning
teardrops, but they are not so common. of the 17th centuries. This form is an Italian in-
novation of the mid-16th century and within a
Only a few examples of a goblet with a hol- few decades, they were produced in most areas
low foot and folded bowl were found. In this of northern, central and southern Europe. Stud-
form a foot is joined to the bowl with a flattened ies from England and Belgium have shown that
disk–merese (Lazar and Willmott 2006a, 30, fig. relatively few moulds were used in each region.
21). A group of goblets with high hollow foot It is not surprising therefore that such a large
have a hemispherical bowl, the foot is joined to number from Gnalić (over 100 examples) can
the bowl with separate reel-shaped merese. The be grouped only into five categories (Lazar and
hemispherical bowl is usually plain, or very oc- Willmott 2006a, 38, figs. 35–9, pl. 4, 5).
casionally decorated with optic-blown ribs that
can sometimes grow into a teardrop-shaped dec- Tankards are larger drinking vessels. The
oration. This is another rather numerous group general form in ceramic appears in the 15th cen-
with around 900 examples being recovered in tury, and although the earliest glass examples
1996. are early 16th century, they are known also from
the late 17th century (Willmott 2002, 55). Tradi-
Goblets with inverted baluster stems are tionally this form is thought to be Northern Eu-
represented by 4 variants: a goblet with a solid ropean in origin, although they may have been
baluster stem can have either a plain or decorat- produced in southern Europe for an alternative
ed bowl, whilst a ribbed inverted baluster stem market. Given their large capacity they were pre-
appears as both a small and a large variant. sumably used for the consumption of beer, al-
though we can not exclude that they may have
Knopped-stem goblets from Gnalić were also functioned as jugs. Generally, they can be
made in a good quality thinly-blown glass, prob- found with either a cylindrical or bellied shape
ably of a mixed-alkali or soda composition, and to the body. Only tankards with spherical bodies
the bowls and feet are sometimes decorated with are found amongst the cargo of the Gnalić wreck.
engraving. The goblets have stems with either They have a vertical neck and rim, rounded body
plain or ribbed flattened knops, a combination and folded pedestal foot. A solid handle is at-
of plain and ribbed knop, a spiral ribbed knop, tached to the neck and shoulder. They are made
or in only two examples a ribbed three-stepped of high-quality glass and decorated with either
stem (Lazar and Willmott 2006a, 34, figs. 25–
slika 62). We divided them into subgroups ac- posed of leaf, scroll and foliage design, and the
cording to their stem shape and type, and fur- foot is decorated with simple leaf engraving.
ther variants according to the bowl forms and
decoration. The majority of goblets are plain, but The group of drinking vessels with mould-
some groups are decorated with mould-blowing blown stems from Gnalić consists of two basic
or engraving. forms–the ladder and lion-mask stem goblet.
Ladder stem goblets are not very numerous and
Goblets with the hollow foot are made of appear in two subgroups with a plain or decorat-
two separate paraisons that form the bowl and ed (optic-blown ribbed) bowl.
the foot. The foot is joined to the bowl directly.
Goblets with a low hollow foot and a plain bowl Examples of the lion-mask stem are quite
are the most numerous forms in this glass assem- numerous and were divided into 5 variants ac-
blage. The bowl shapes vary slightly and are ei- cording to the height of the lion mask and bowl
ther straight and tapering or tulip-shaped. In the decoration. The study of more than a hundred
last campaign in 1996 this form was found in the preserved stems provided further answers to
area away from the ship, and in total 2300 vessels questions concerning mould types. Lion mask
were found. Goblets of this form can also have a stems are the epitome of façon de Venise glass-
decorated bowl, with an optic-blown pattern of ware of the second half of the 16th and beginning
teardrops, but they are not so common. of the 17th centuries. This form is an Italian in-
novation of the mid-16th century and within a
Only a few examples of a goblet with a hol- few decades, they were produced in most areas
low foot and folded bowl were found. In this of northern, central and southern Europe. Stud-
form a foot is joined to the bowl with a flattened ies from England and Belgium have shown that
disk–merese (Lazar and Willmott 2006a, 30, fig. relatively few moulds were used in each region.
21). A group of goblets with high hollow foot It is not surprising therefore that such a large
have a hemispherical bowl, the foot is joined to number from Gnalić (over 100 examples) can
the bowl with separate reel-shaped merese. The be grouped only into five categories (Lazar and
hemispherical bowl is usually plain, or very oc- Willmott 2006a, 38, figs. 35–9, pl. 4, 5).
casionally decorated with optic-blown ribs that
can sometimes grow into a teardrop-shaped dec- Tankards are larger drinking vessels. The
oration. This is another rather numerous group general form in ceramic appears in the 15th cen-
with around 900 examples being recovered in tury, and although the earliest glass examples
1996. are early 16th century, they are known also from
the late 17th century (Willmott 2002, 55). Tradi-
Goblets with inverted baluster stems are tionally this form is thought to be Northern Eu-
represented by 4 variants: a goblet with a solid ropean in origin, although they may have been
baluster stem can have either a plain or decorat- produced in southern Europe for an alternative
ed bowl, whilst a ribbed inverted baluster stem market. Given their large capacity they were pre-
appears as both a small and a large variant. sumably used for the consumption of beer, al-
though we can not exclude that they may have
Knopped-stem goblets from Gnalić were also functioned as jugs. Generally, they can be
made in a good quality thinly-blown glass, prob- found with either a cylindrical or bellied shape
ably of a mixed-alkali or soda composition, and to the body. Only tankards with spherical bodies
the bowls and feet are sometimes decorated with are found amongst the cargo of the Gnalić wreck.
engraving. The goblets have stems with either They have a vertical neck and rim, rounded body
plain or ribbed flattened knops, a combination and folded pedestal foot. A solid handle is at-
of plain and ribbed knop, a spiral ribbed knop, tached to the neck and shoulder. They are made
or in only two examples a ribbed three-stepped of high-quality glass and decorated with either
stem (Lazar and Willmott 2006a, 34, figs. 25–
