Page 63 - Herojska doba Histrov

Herojska doba Histrov

Grobnice The Tombs

Grobišče Nezakcija je po številčnosti in raznolikosti grob- In terms of the number and diversity of grave goods,
nih pridatkov ter monumentalni kamniti plastiki zelo po- and the monumental stone sculpture, the necropolis at
membno v primerjavi z drugimi doslej znanimi istrskimi Nesactium stands out among the other currently known
železnodobnimi grobišči. V natančno ograjenih in za to Istrian Iron Age necropolises. Numerous graves were
namenjenih grobnih prostorih je bilo postavljenih mnogo arranged in precisely defined and specifically designated
grobov. Kljub temu pa posebno pozornost zaslužita dve areas. Our particular attention, however, is reserved for
izjemno bogati grobnici, tista I/12 in grobnica, raziskana two exceptionally rich tombs, the one designated I/12
leta 1981, saj so bile v njiju nakopičeni različni predmeti and the tomb investigated in 1981. The objects in them,
namely, were deposited over an extended period of time,
v daljšem časovnem obdobju, med katerimi tudi predmeti including those of symbolic value. These were thus likely
simbolične vrednosti. Gre najbrž za grobnice uglednih the tombs of the prominent and high–ranking families of
in visokorangiranih družin Nezakcija in Histrov v celoti, Nesactium, and of the Histri in general, and are justifiably
zato so bile upravičeno predstavljene tudi na tej razstavi, showcased at this exhibition by a selection of the most
z izbiro najdragocenejših predmetov. valuable artefacts.

V grobnici I/12 so bile poleg grobnih žar priložene številne In tomb I/12, along with the grave urns, we find an abun-
keramične posode različnih izvorov, od Posočja in Benečije, dance of ceramic ware from various sources; the Soča
Picena in Etrurije do Grčije in Daunije, ter več dragocenih River valley and Veneto, Picenum and Etruria, Greece,
bronastih posod, kot so situle, ciste, kotlički z dvojnimi and Daunia, and multiple precious bronze vessels such
križnimi atašami, skodelice, pokrovi idr. (Mihovilić 2001a, as situlae, cistae, kettles with dual attachments, drink-
ing cups, lids, etc. (Mihovilić 2001a, 149–166) (cat. nos.
149–166) (kat. št. 83–117). Izjemni so še črnofiguralni 83–117). Of particular interest are the black–figure Attic
atiški vrči, od bronastih posod pa so posebej zanimive jugs and, among the bronze ware, the situlae with figural
figuralno okrašene situle in njihovi pokrovi. Na njih so decoration and the attendant lids. These immortalised
upodobljene scene praznovanj, gostij, tekmovanj, slove- scenes of festivities, feasting, competitions, pageants,
snih povork, lova, oranja, žrtvovanja ter različni zoomorfni, hunting, ploughing, sacrifice, and also featured a range
floralni in drugi motivi. O visoki družbeni vlogi posamezni- of zoomorphic, floral, and other motifs and patterns. The
kov, ki so bili pokopani v teh grobovih, pričajo tudi drugi high status enjoyed by the individuals buried in these
predmeti, kot so nakitni kompleti, ročaji bronastih ražnjev, tombs is also evidenced by the other grave goods, such
bronasto žezlo, škatlica in pahljače ter železni zakrivljeni as the sets of jewellery, bronze spit (skewer) handles, a
meči, o katerih je bilo že govora. bronze sceptre, a small container, fans, and the curved
iron swords previously discussed.
Najpomembnejša žara te grobnice je zagotovo osrednja, The central urn, made of stone, and which has not pre-
izdelana iz kamna, čeprav se žal ni ohranila (prim. kat. served, was certainly the most significant one (cf. cat.
št. 72). Obkrožena je bila z mnogimi posodami in žarami, no. 72). It was surrounded by numerous vessels and
nad njo sta bila postavljena dva železna ukrivljena meča other urns. Above it two curved iron swords (machaira)
(mahairi). Znotraj žare so se nahajali nenavadni predmeti: were placed. In the urns were unusual objects: a large
velika fibula s koščeno oblogo loka, izdelano iz večjih jagod, fibula with a bow shell of bone beads, and a figurine of a
ter figurica jezdeca na konju, prav tako izdelana iz kosti mounted horseman, also done in bone (Mihovilić 2001a,
(Mihovilić 2001a, 90, 162; 2014, 224; 2021, 514) (kat. št. 90, 162; 2014, 224; 2021, 514) (cat. nos. 83–84). The fig-
83–84). Figurica jezdeca ni ohranjena v celoti, vendar so urine of the rider has not preserved in whole. The closest
najbližji primerki najdeni v Vačah, Mechlu in Požegi. Grob parallels are to be found in Vače, Mechel, and Požega. The Heroic Age of The Histri
s tako simbolično izbranimi predmeti je bil pripisan ženski This tomb, with its highly symbolic selection of objects,
pokojnici z izjemnim položajem znotraj nezakcijske družbe was intended for a woman of high lineage from Nesac-

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