Page 20 - Enakost spolov: premisleki in izzivi
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nka Janko Spreizer Spol, rasa, razred . . . : intersekcionalne perspektive
v raziskovanju kompleksnih neenakosti
Univerza na Primorskem,
Fakulteta za humanistične študije Prispevek se ukvarja z orisom glavnih vsebinskih poudarkov pri obravnavi spola
University of Primorska, v humanističnih vedah. Podan bo kratek pregled zgodovine feminističnih idej,
Faculty of Humanities ki so si skozi zgodovino prizadevale za odpravo neenakosti žensk v družbenem
alenka.janko.spreizer@fhs.upr.si življenju. Uvodoma bo podan analitičen oris teoretskih prispevkov iz zgodovine
feminizma prvega, drugega ter tretjega vala in njihovih ključnih doneskov k te-
Enakost spolov: oriji spola. Osrednji del bo namenjen obravnavi intersekcionalnosti. Temnopolte
premisleki in izzivi akterke feminističnega gibanja so že od sredine sedemdesetih let dvajsetega sto-
Povzetki posveta o enakosti spolov letja opozarjale na specifično izkušnjo družbenega izključevanja, ki je temeljilo
za vključujočo univerzo in družbo tako na seksizmu kakor tudi na rasizmu, vendar do tedaj v t. i. »belih« feministič-
Koper, 15. november 2023 nih teorijah kategorije rase niso bile naslovljene. Podobno kot temnopolte ženske
Gender Equality: so bile v feminističnih krogih marginalizirane tudi ženske, ki so bile istospolno
Considerations and Challenges usmerjene. V prispevku se bomo posvetili obravnavi samoumevne, tako rekoč
Abstracts of the Symposium univerzalne kategorije »ženske«, ki še danes pogosto označuje srednjerazredno
on Gender Equality for an Inclusive belsko žensko, ki je hkrati tudi mati in oseba s heteroseksualno spolno orientacijo.
University and Society Intersekcionalnost je pristop, ki si prizadeva nasloviti kompleksnost družbenih iz-
Koper, 15 November 2023 ključevanj in presega enodimenzionalno obravnavo spola ter naslavlja kategorije
razreda, starosti, etnične pripadnosti in religije. Za zagotavljanje enakih možnosti
oz. enakopravnosti vseh ljudi ter preprečevanje diskriminacije na podlagi spola
je treba preseči binarno razločevanje med ženskami in moškimi ter upoštevati
kompleksnost kategorije spola, ki zajema raznolike dimenzije ženskosti, moško-
sti ter tistih, ki presegajo binarnost, ter jo obravnavati v presečni perspektivi, ki
upošteva tudi raso oz. etničnost, razred, starost, religijo ter spolno usmerjenost.
Ključne besede: intersekcionalnost, kompleksne neenakosti, feminizem
Gender, Race, Class . . . : Intersectional Perspectives
in Research of Complex Inequalities
This paper outlines the main themes in treating gender in the humanities. It will
give a brief overview of the history of feminist ideas that have worked to address
inequalities for women in social life. It will begin with an analytical outline of
the theoretical contributions of the history of first, second and third-wave fem-
inism and their critical contributions to gender theory. The central part will be
devoted to the discussion of intersectionality. Black feminist activists have been
drawing attention to the specific experience of social exclusion based on sexism
and racism since the mid-1970s. Until then, the categories of race have not been
likely addressed in so-called ‘white’ feminist theories. Like black women, homo-
sexual women were marginalised in feminist circles. This paper will address the
taken-for-granted, almost universal category of ‘woman,’ which still today often
denotes a middle-class white woman who is also a mother and a person with
a heterosexual sexual orientation. Intersectionality is an approach that seeks to
tackle the complexity of social exclusion by moving beyond the one-dimensional
treatment of gender to include categories such as class, age, ethnicity and reli-
gion. Ensuring equal opportunities or equality for all and preventing gender dis-
crimination requires going beyond the binary distinction between women and
men and taking into account the complexity of the category of gender, which
encompasses the multiple dimensions of femininity, masculinity and those that
go beyond the binary. Gender, therefore, needs to be considered from an inter-
sectional perspective that includes race/ethnicity, class, age, religion and sexual
orientation.
Key words: intersectionality, complex inequalities, feminism
https://doi.org/10.26493/978-961-293-295-4.8 20
v raziskovanju kompleksnih neenakosti
Univerza na Primorskem,
Fakulteta za humanistične študije Prispevek se ukvarja z orisom glavnih vsebinskih poudarkov pri obravnavi spola
University of Primorska, v humanističnih vedah. Podan bo kratek pregled zgodovine feminističnih idej,
Faculty of Humanities ki so si skozi zgodovino prizadevale za odpravo neenakosti žensk v družbenem
alenka.janko.spreizer@fhs.upr.si življenju. Uvodoma bo podan analitičen oris teoretskih prispevkov iz zgodovine
feminizma prvega, drugega ter tretjega vala in njihovih ključnih doneskov k te-
Enakost spolov: oriji spola. Osrednji del bo namenjen obravnavi intersekcionalnosti. Temnopolte
premisleki in izzivi akterke feminističnega gibanja so že od sredine sedemdesetih let dvajsetega sto-
Povzetki posveta o enakosti spolov letja opozarjale na specifično izkušnjo družbenega izključevanja, ki je temeljilo
za vključujočo univerzo in družbo tako na seksizmu kakor tudi na rasizmu, vendar do tedaj v t. i. »belih« feministič-
Koper, 15. november 2023 nih teorijah kategorije rase niso bile naslovljene. Podobno kot temnopolte ženske
Gender Equality: so bile v feminističnih krogih marginalizirane tudi ženske, ki so bile istospolno
Considerations and Challenges usmerjene. V prispevku se bomo posvetili obravnavi samoumevne, tako rekoč
Abstracts of the Symposium univerzalne kategorije »ženske«, ki še danes pogosto označuje srednjerazredno
on Gender Equality for an Inclusive belsko žensko, ki je hkrati tudi mati in oseba s heteroseksualno spolno orientacijo.
University and Society Intersekcionalnost je pristop, ki si prizadeva nasloviti kompleksnost družbenih iz-
Koper, 15 November 2023 ključevanj in presega enodimenzionalno obravnavo spola ter naslavlja kategorije
razreda, starosti, etnične pripadnosti in religije. Za zagotavljanje enakih možnosti
oz. enakopravnosti vseh ljudi ter preprečevanje diskriminacije na podlagi spola
je treba preseči binarno razločevanje med ženskami in moškimi ter upoštevati
kompleksnost kategorije spola, ki zajema raznolike dimenzije ženskosti, moško-
sti ter tistih, ki presegajo binarnost, ter jo obravnavati v presečni perspektivi, ki
upošteva tudi raso oz. etničnost, razred, starost, religijo ter spolno usmerjenost.
Ključne besede: intersekcionalnost, kompleksne neenakosti, feminizem
Gender, Race, Class . . . : Intersectional Perspectives
in Research of Complex Inequalities
This paper outlines the main themes in treating gender in the humanities. It will
give a brief overview of the history of feminist ideas that have worked to address
inequalities for women in social life. It will begin with an analytical outline of
the theoretical contributions of the history of first, second and third-wave fem-
inism and their critical contributions to gender theory. The central part will be
devoted to the discussion of intersectionality. Black feminist activists have been
drawing attention to the specific experience of social exclusion based on sexism
and racism since the mid-1970s. Until then, the categories of race have not been
likely addressed in so-called ‘white’ feminist theories. Like black women, homo-
sexual women were marginalised in feminist circles. This paper will address the
taken-for-granted, almost universal category of ‘woman,’ which still today often
denotes a middle-class white woman who is also a mother and a person with
a heterosexual sexual orientation. Intersectionality is an approach that seeks to
tackle the complexity of social exclusion by moving beyond the one-dimensional
treatment of gender to include categories such as class, age, ethnicity and reli-
gion. Ensuring equal opportunities or equality for all and preventing gender dis-
crimination requires going beyond the binary distinction between women and
men and taking into account the complexity of the category of gender, which
encompasses the multiple dimensions of femininity, masculinity and those that
go beyond the binary. Gender, therefore, needs to be considered from an inter-
sectional perspective that includes race/ethnicity, class, age, religion and sexual
orientation.
Key words: intersectionality, complex inequalities, feminism
https://doi.org/10.26493/978-961-293-295-4.8 20
