Page 651 - Poštuvan Vita, Cerce Mojca. Ur. 2023. Psiholog v dilemi: eticne vsebine in eticna zavest v praksi. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem.
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Abstracts
Basics of Ethics and Moral Reflection
Abstract
The chapter provides an introduction to ethics and moral reflection
by first defining ethics as the normative branch of philosophy that
deals with the justification of conduct with respect to the moral
notions of good and evil. It further describes Hume’s law and
the is-ought fallacy, then touches on conceptual analysis as the
primary ethical methodology, and demarcates ethics from other
disciplines like law. It also tries to describe the main purpose
of ethics before moving on to the structure of moral relation,
the problem of relativism, and lastly the main ethical theories.
Here, consequentialism (utilitarianism), rule ethics (cosmic law,
contractualism, and Kant’s deontology), virtue ethics (Aristotle’s
ethics and ethics of care), the Nietzschean perspective on morality,
as well as existentialist ethics of the Other are presented together
with their critiques. The chapter closes with some insights into
moral motivation as well as moral education.
Keywords: ethics, moral reflection, utilitarianism, deontology,
virtue ethics, moral motivation
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