Page 232 - Kralj-Fišer, Simona, 2024. Od genov do vedenja in naprej. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem.

Slika 14.10: Dopaminergična sinapsa
Tyrosine Vir: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dopa-
minergic_synapse.svg.
TH
L-DOPA
DDC
Dopamine MAO
DOPAC

D 2 -D 3
VMAT DAT
HVA
Dopamine
COMT
D 1 -D 5
D 2 -D 3 -D 4
G s G i /G o

Schizophrenia
Antipsychotic drugs and the dopamine pathways of the brain
The therapeutic actions of typical
antipsychotic drugs are due to
antagonism of D 2 receptors, Mesocortical Mesolimbic
pathway
specifically in the mesolimbic pathway
dopamine pathway. This has the D 2 receptor D 2 receptor
effect of reducing the excess antagonism by antagonism by
release of dopamine in this typical antipsychotics antipsychotic drugs
reduces positive
pathway that is thought to cause can cause or worsen symptoms
the positive symptoms of negative and
cognitive symptoms
psychosis
However, typical antipsychotics D 2 receptor
block D 2 receptors throughout the antagonism by
antipsychotic drugs
brain and not just those in the can result in EPS
mesolimbic dopamine pathway; D 2 receptor antagonism by typical
antipsychotics can increase prolactin
this extensive blockade of D 2 levels Nigrostriatal
receptors is responsible for many pathway
undesirable adverse effects. Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Atypical antipsychotics are more
discriminating
EPS = extrapyramidal symptoms
Adapted from: Stahl. Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology. 2013 1
Slika 14.11: Štirje glavni dopaminergični trakti možganov
Vir: https://neurotorium.org/slidedeck/schizophrenia-neurobiology-and-aetiology/, drsnica 31.
Nigrostriatalni sistem poteka od centra substantia nigra do centrov putamen in caudate. Tuberoinfundibu-
larni sistem izvira iz arkuatnega jedra hipotalamusa in sega v pecelj hipofize. Mezolimbični sistem poteka
od ventralnega tegmentalnega področja do številnih komponent limbičnega sistema. Mezokortikalni sis-
tem sega od ventralnega tegmentalnega področja do neokorteksa, zlasti prefrontalnih območij. Tukaj po-
nazarjamo samo dva od štirih traktov: mezolimbični sistem, ki je lahko vključen v pozitivne simptome shi-
zofrenije, in mezokortikalni sistem, ki je lahko vključen v negativne simptome.

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