Page 69 - Petelin, Ana, ur. 2024. Zdravje delovno aktivnih in starejših odraslih / Health of Working-Age and Older Adults. Zbornik povzetkov z recenzijo ▪︎ Book of Abstracts. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press

Short-term effects of time restricted eating with energy restriction,
on the metabolic health of overweight and obese adults

Bernarda Habe, Tanja Črešnovar, Nina Mohorko, Saša Kenig, Ana Petelin,
Zala Jenko Pražnikar
University of Primorska Faculty of Health Science, Izola, Slovenia
Introduction: Time-restricted eating (TRE) improves metabolic health. However, it is
not yet clear whether the effects on biochemical parameters and metabolic indexes
are due to caloric restriction (CR) alone or in combination with TRE. The aim of the
study was therefore to compare the effectiveness of the dietary strategy TRE+CR
at two different times of day: early time-restricted eating combined with caloric re-
striction (eTRE+CR) and late time-restricted eating combined with caloric restriction
(lTRE+CR) compared to CR alone on metabolic health.
Methods: In a 3-month intervention, 90 participants were assigned into three groups
according to their chronotype: eTRE+CR (eating window between 8:00 and 16:00),
lTRE+CR (eating window between 12:00 and 20:00), and CR (eating window between
8:00 and 20:00). Fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (CHOL), LDL-cholester-
ol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TG), C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate ami-
notransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the analysis of insulin were
measured at baseline, after the first and third month of the intervention, after a fast-
ing period of at least 12 h. Moreover, metabolic indexes (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, TyG,
TyG-BMI, METS-IR, QUICK-INDEX, VAI in LAP) were calculated according to pub-
lished equations. The statistical analyses were performed in SPSS.
Results: In all three groups, there was a statistically significant reduction in fast-
ing glucose, insulin and metabolic indices (HOMA-IR, TyG, TyG-BMI, METS-IR and
QUICK-INDEX) over three months (p < 0.05). In contrast, the insulin sensitivity in-
dex HOMA-β increased significantly in all three groups. There were statistically signifi-
cant differences in blood glucose reduction between the groups (p = 0.025), with the
greatest glucose reduction in the eTRE+CR group. The changes in insulin levels and
metabolic indices (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, TyG, TyG-BMI, METS-IR and QUICK-IN-
DEX) were not significantly different between the groups. Additionally, serum lev-
els of TG, AST, ALT and VAI and LAP indexses were significantly decreased only in
the lTRE+CR and CR groups (p < 0.05), but no significant differences were found be-
tween groups. prehrana in zdravje delovno aktivnih in starejših odraslih | nutrition and health of working-age and older adults
Discussion and conclusions: In this study, we found that the improvement in biochemical
parameters and metabolic indexes was largely (with the exception of fasting glucose
levels) due to CR rather than TRE. However, it seems that eTRE+CR is more efficient
in regulation of glucose homeostasis than lTRE+CR or CR.
Keywords: early and late time restricted eating, caloric restriction, biochemical param-
eters, insulin, metabolic indexes

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