Page 65 - Petelin, Ana, ur. 2024. Zdravje delovno aktivnih in starejših odraslih / Health of Working-Age and Older Adults. Zbornik povzetkov z recenzijo ▪︎ Book of Abstracts. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press

Effects of time restricted eating with energy restriction
on anthropometric parameters, sleep quality and quality of life
in overweight and obese adults
Tanja Črešnovar, Bernarda Habe, Nina Mohorko, Saša Kenig, Zala Jenko Pražnikar,
Ana Petelin
University of Primorska Faculty of Health Science, Izola, Slovenia

Introduction: Worldwide, overweight and obesity are a major public health problem.
Obesity is correlated with the incidence of cronic non-communicable diseases, low-
er quality of life and poorer quality of sleep. The standard dietary strategy for weight
loss is caloric restriction (CR). As we live in a modern, fast-paced lifestyle, ‘time-re-
stricted eating’ (TRE) has become increasingly popular in recent years and is a feasible
new chrono-nutritional strategy for weight loss and metabolic health improvements
due to the shorter eating time and thus easier daily adherence to dietary pattern. TRE
is a form of intermittent fasting in which the daily eating window is limited to a specif-
ic consistent period of time, usually between 4 and 12 hours, with fasting duration the
remaining hours. TRE can be divided into early time-restricted eating (eTRE) and late
TRE (lTRE). A direct comparison of the effects of eTRE+CR and lTRE+CR on health
indicators is a new research topic, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effects
of eTRE+CR and lTRE+CR vs. CR on anthropometric parameters, sleep quality and
quality of life in asymptomatic adults with overweight and obesity.
Methods: In the 3-month intervention study, 93 participants were assigned into three
groups according to their individual chronotype: eTRE+CR (eating window between
8:00-16:00), lTRE+CR (eating window between 12:00-20:00) and CR (eating window
between 8:00-20:00). In all three groups a similar energy deficit was prescribed and
were identical in terms of structure and number of meals. Daily energy requirements
were calculated based on the resting metabolic rate of each individual multiplied by
the physical activity level and reduced by -2093 kJ/-500 kcal. Measurements of body
weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), body composition analysis and blood pres-
sure measurements were taken and sleep quality and quality of life was assesed at the
baseline and after three months of the intervention, after at least 12 h of fasting.
Results: All three groups, eTRE+CR, lTRE+CR and CR showed statistically significant
effects on the reduction of BW, body fat percentage (FM), visceral fat rating, WC, fat
free mass, muscle mass, metabolic age (MA), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood prehrana in zdravje delovno aktivnih in starejših odraslih | nutrition and health of working-age and older adults
pressure (DBP) and increase in percentage total body water (TBW) and quality of life
after the end of intervention, although eTRE+CR yielded more benefits on FM (%),
TBW (%), MA and DBP (p < 0.05) compared to lTRE+CR and CR and greater sleep
efficiency compared with CR.
Discussion and conclusions: In this study, we found that eTRE+CR was more effective
in reducing FM (%), DBP, MA and increasing TBW (%) and sleep efficiency compared
to lTRE+CR and/or CR alone. All other parameters did not differ between groups.
Keywords: early and late time restricted eating, caloric restriction, anthropometric pa-
rameters, sleep quality, quality of life

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